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NCLEX-PN Exam Questions - Part 24
1. A client states, 'I eat a well-balanced diet. I do not smoke. I exercise regularly, and I have a yearly checkup with my physician. What else can I do to help prevent cancer?' The nurse should respond with which of the following statements?
A) Sleep at least 6 - 8 hours a night.
B) Practice monthly self-breast examination.
C) Reduce stress.
D) All of the above.
2. A 35-year-old Latin-American client wishes to lose weight to reduce her chances of developing heart disease and diabetes. The client states, 'I do not know how to make my diet work with the kind of foods that my family eats.' What should the nurse do first to help the client determine a suitable diet for disease prevention?
A) Provide her with copies of the approved dietary guidelines for the American Diabetic Association and the American Heart Association.
B) Ask the client to provide a list of the types of foods she eats to determine how to best meet her needs.
C) Provide a high-protein diet plan for the client.
D) Provide the client with information related to risk factors for heart disease and diabetes.
3. According to the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses, professional nurses have an ethical obligation to:
A) clients (patients).
B) the profession of nursing.
C) provide high-quality care.
D) all of the above.
4. The role of the incident report in risk management is:
A) liability protection.
B) to provide data for analysis by a risk manager to determine how future problems can be avoided.
C) to discipline staff for errors.
D) all of the above.
5. Which of the following individuals may legally give informed consent?
A) an 86-year-old male with advanced Alzheimer - s disease
B) a 14-year-old girl needing an appendectomy who isnotan emancipated minor
C) a 72-year-old female scheduled for a heart transplant
D) a 6-month-old baby needing bowel surgery
A) Sleep at least 6 - 8 hours a night.
B) Practice monthly self-breast examination.
C) Reduce stress.
D) All of the above.
2. A 35-year-old Latin-American client wishes to lose weight to reduce her chances of developing heart disease and diabetes. The client states, 'I do not know how to make my diet work with the kind of foods that my family eats.' What should the nurse do first to help the client determine a suitable diet for disease prevention?
A) Provide her with copies of the approved dietary guidelines for the American Diabetic Association and the American Heart Association.
B) Ask the client to provide a list of the types of foods she eats to determine how to best meet her needs.
C) Provide a high-protein diet plan for the client.
D) Provide the client with information related to risk factors for heart disease and diabetes.
3. According to the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses, professional nurses have an ethical obligation to:
A) clients (patients).
B) the profession of nursing.
C) provide high-quality care.
D) all of the above.
4. The role of the incident report in risk management is:
A) liability protection.
B) to provide data for analysis by a risk manager to determine how future problems can be avoided.
C) to discipline staff for errors.
D) all of the above.
5. Which of the following individuals may legally give informed consent?
A) an 86-year-old male with advanced Alzheimer - s disease
B) a 14-year-old girl needing an appendectomy who isnotan emancipated minor
C) a 72-year-old female scheduled for a heart transplant
D) a 6-month-old baby needing bowel surgery
1. Right Answer: D
Explanation: All of the choices are methods of preventing cancer. Sleep is important in maintaining homeostasis, which helps the body respond to disease. Monthly breast examination can indicate cancer or fibrocystic disease. The body has a physiological response to stress that can decrease the immune response and increase the risk of disease. Health Promotion and Management
2. Right Answer: B
Explanation: Assessment is the first step. Assessing what the client eats helps the nurse determine a plan for dietary recommendations based on the ADA and AHA guidelines.Providing the client with a copy of the guidelines is important but is not the first priority. Based on the clients wish to reduce her chances of heart disease and diabetes, a high-protein diet plan might not be appropriate. Providing information to the client related to risk factors for heart disease and diabetes is important but is not the first step. Health Promotion and Management
3. Right Answer: D
Explanation: All the choices are elements of the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses. Coordinated Care
4. Right Answer: B
Explanation: Incident reports are a tool for determining how future problems can be avoided. Incident reports do not provide liability protection. Incident reports are not meant to be used for disciplining staff. Safety and Infection Control
5. Right Answer: C
Explanation: The 72-year-old client scheduled for heart transplant surgery may give informed consent for the surgery. There are no age limitations with the exception of minors.Choices 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect. An individual with advanced Alzheimers disease is incompetent to make decisions. Only an emancipated minor may give consent (a 14-year-old child who lives alone, away from family, and is totally independent). Infants are unable to give consent. Coordinated Care
Explanation: All of the choices are methods of preventing cancer. Sleep is important in maintaining homeostasis, which helps the body respond to disease. Monthly breast examination can indicate cancer or fibrocystic disease. The body has a physiological response to stress that can decrease the immune response and increase the risk of disease. Health Promotion and Management
2. Right Answer: B
Explanation: Assessment is the first step. Assessing what the client eats helps the nurse determine a plan for dietary recommendations based on the ADA and AHA guidelines.Providing the client with a copy of the guidelines is important but is not the first priority. Based on the clients wish to reduce her chances of heart disease and diabetes, a high-protein diet plan might not be appropriate. Providing information to the client related to risk factors for heart disease and diabetes is important but is not the first step. Health Promotion and Management
3. Right Answer: D
Explanation: All the choices are elements of the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses. Coordinated Care
4. Right Answer: B
Explanation: Incident reports are a tool for determining how future problems can be avoided. Incident reports do not provide liability protection. Incident reports are not meant to be used for disciplining staff. Safety and Infection Control
5. Right Answer: C
Explanation: The 72-year-old client scheduled for heart transplant surgery may give informed consent for the surgery. There are no age limitations with the exception of minors.Choices 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect. An individual with advanced Alzheimers disease is incompetent to make decisions. Only an emancipated minor may give consent (a 14-year-old child who lives alone, away from family, and is totally independent). Infants are unable to give consent. Coordinated Care
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