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NCLEX-PN Exam Questions - Part 115
1. A client taking isotretinoin (Accutane) tells the nurse that she is pregnant. What should the nurse teach this client?
A) Her pregnancy is threatened, and the fetus is at risk for teratogenesis.
B) She has a reportable condition, and the pregnancy must be terminated.
C) Accutane is a Category D drug, which means it is unsafe in pregnancy.
D) Her pregnancy must be followed carefully by a genetic specialist.
2. When a drug is listed as Category X and prescribed to women of child-bearing age/capacity, the nurse and the interdisciplinary team should counsel the client that:
A) Pregnancy tests might be unreliable while taking the drug.
B) She must use a reliable form of birth control.
C) She should not take the Category X drug on days she has intercourse.
D) She must follow up with an endocrinologist.
3. The nurse seeks to assess the renal function of an elderly client who is about to receive a nephrotoxic medication. Which of the following labs provides the best indicator for renal function?
A) urinalysis
B) creatinine and blood urea nitrogen
C) chemistry of electrolytes
D) creatinine clearance
4. The nurse sustains a needle puncture that requires HIV prophylaxis. Which of the following medication regimens should be used?
A) an antibiotic such as Metronidazole and a protease inhibitor (Saquinivir)
B) two non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
C) one protease inhibitor such as Nelfinavir
D) two protease inhibitors
5. A client is taking the fluoroquinolone Ciprofloxin for acute prostatitis. After a few doses of the agent, he develops severe muscle pain. The most likely cause of the adverse reaction is:
A) electrolyte imbalance.
B) impending tendon rupture.
C) calcium deposits.
D) antibiotic-associated colitis.
A) Her pregnancy is threatened, and the fetus is at risk for teratogenesis.
B) She has a reportable condition, and the pregnancy must be terminated.
C) Accutane is a Category D drug, which means it is unsafe in pregnancy.
D) Her pregnancy must be followed carefully by a genetic specialist.
2. When a drug is listed as Category X and prescribed to women of child-bearing age/capacity, the nurse and the interdisciplinary team should counsel the client that:
A) Pregnancy tests might be unreliable while taking the drug.
B) She must use a reliable form of birth control.
C) She should not take the Category X drug on days she has intercourse.
D) She must follow up with an endocrinologist.
3. The nurse seeks to assess the renal function of an elderly client who is about to receive a nephrotoxic medication. Which of the following labs provides the best indicator for renal function?
A) urinalysis
B) creatinine and blood urea nitrogen
C) chemistry of electrolytes
D) creatinine clearance
4. The nurse sustains a needle puncture that requires HIV prophylaxis. Which of the following medication regimens should be used?
A) an antibiotic such as Metronidazole and a protease inhibitor (Saquinivir)
B) two non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
C) one protease inhibitor such as Nelfinavir
D) two protease inhibitors
5. A client is taking the fluoroquinolone Ciprofloxin for acute prostatitis. After a few doses of the agent, he develops severe muscle pain. The most likely cause of the adverse reaction is:
A) electrolyte imbalance.
B) impending tendon rupture.
C) calcium deposits.
D) antibiotic-associated colitis.
1. Right Answer: A
Explanation: Accutane is a Category X drug, which means pregnancy is contraindicated due to teratogenesis associated with the medication. The pharmaceutical manufacturer should be notified of any pregnancy occurring while taking the drug, but reporting is voluntary. Choosing to terminate the pregnancy is a personal decision that requires full information. Consultation with a genetic specialist or OB physician is indicated. Safety and Infection Control
2. Right Answer: B
Explanation: Category X drugs have many practice limitations when prescribed and dispensed to women. For example, the prescription is valid for only seven days, and if not filled, it expires. The FDA provides a pregnancyprevention program for clients taking Isotretinoin (Accutane). Prior to prescribing a Category X drug, a pregnancy test should be performed. Safety and Infection Control
3. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Due to decreases in lean body mass, blood creatinine is not as good an indicator of the elderly clients renal function as creatinine clearance. Urinalysis and blood urea nitrogen reflect hydration status and other clues to health but are not specific for renal function. The electrolytes might be deranged in renal failure but are not a direct correlation to the kidneys capability to eliminate waste. Therefore, the best lab for renal function in the elderly is thought to be creatinine clearance, which is a widely used test for glomerular filtration rate. Safety and Infection Control
4. Right Answer: B
Explanation: Unless there is drug resistance, the initial prophylaxis based on CDC recommendations is 2 NNRTIs. Safety and Infection Control
5. Right Answer: B
Explanation: An untoward, adverse drug reaction associated with the quinolones is tendon rupture. Electrolyte imbalance has not been associated with the group, and antibiotic-associated colitis is most common in augmentin and penicillin groups. Safety and Infection Control
Explanation: Accutane is a Category X drug, which means pregnancy is contraindicated due to teratogenesis associated with the medication. The pharmaceutical manufacturer should be notified of any pregnancy occurring while taking the drug, but reporting is voluntary. Choosing to terminate the pregnancy is a personal decision that requires full information. Consultation with a genetic specialist or OB physician is indicated. Safety and Infection Control
2. Right Answer: B
Explanation: Category X drugs have many practice limitations when prescribed and dispensed to women. For example, the prescription is valid for only seven days, and if not filled, it expires. The FDA provides a pregnancyprevention program for clients taking Isotretinoin (Accutane). Prior to prescribing a Category X drug, a pregnancy test should be performed. Safety and Infection Control
3. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Due to decreases in lean body mass, blood creatinine is not as good an indicator of the elderly clients renal function as creatinine clearance. Urinalysis and blood urea nitrogen reflect hydration status and other clues to health but are not specific for renal function. The electrolytes might be deranged in renal failure but are not a direct correlation to the kidneys capability to eliminate waste. Therefore, the best lab for renal function in the elderly is thought to be creatinine clearance, which is a widely used test for glomerular filtration rate. Safety and Infection Control
4. Right Answer: B
Explanation: Unless there is drug resistance, the initial prophylaxis based on CDC recommendations is 2 NNRTIs. Safety and Infection Control
5. Right Answer: B
Explanation: An untoward, adverse drug reaction associated with the quinolones is tendon rupture. Electrolyte imbalance has not been associated with the group, and antibiotic-associated colitis is most common in augmentin and penicillin groups. Safety and Infection Control
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